Researchers often use indicators of upward mobility to measure both objective and economic success. However, according to a new paper by Robert Manduca, a faculty associate at the Stone Center for Inequality Dynamics, income mobility–the measure of one generation’s inflation-adjusted earnings against their parents–in the U.S. is declining. Read the paper’s key takeaways from the Institute for Social Research in this article.
![Hearing A Father's Advice](https://alumni.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/Parent-talking-to-son.jpg)