Most newborns exposed to HIV can avoid infection with timely preventive treatment after birth, but a new study finds that over half of infants diagnosed with HIV in their first year never received it. Researchers at C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital say this points to missed HIV diagnoses during pregnancy, especially among Black mothers. Lead author Dr. Kengo Inagaki says most perinatal HIV cases are preventable—learn how missed screenings put infants at risk and what needs to change.